Within the GEOKW Projekt, we published a study that introduces a new optimization method for well layouts of groundwater heat pumps. The method is a gradient-based optimization that uses the adjoint approach and allows for continuous well locations and a large number of wells. It can be used to find optimal well layouts of several neighboring or single systems. A real case study with 10 systems is used to demonstrate the method’s applicability.
If you want to learn more, please visit: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116033
Alternatively you can also get in contact with the authors to recieve a copy.