Within the Geothermal Alliance Bavaria (GAB) we published a study which proposes the cost-optimal coordinated deployment of geothermal heating plants together with heat transport and distribution networks to simultaneously supply geothermal heat to multiple urban areas. The study describes a holistic approach comprising the mapping of geothermal potential for direct-use, the estimation of district heating potential, and a two-step optimization model to calculate cost-optimal large-scale geothermal district heating systems.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116033